Add HTTPS support and a management-token gate for the web UI

ESP32 side can now reach the tools server over HTTPS: the Tools Server
field accepts an https:// address for a TLS-terminating reverse proxy
in front of the server (which still only ever speaks plain HTTP
itself), trusting Cloudflare's Origin CA root (embedded at build time)
since that's the common way to get a real cert on a private origin.
Every URL the device builds -- image fetch, config check, manage-menu
data, the QR codes' own links -- goes through one build_url() helper
that picks the scheme from what's configured.

Also adds an optional MANAGEMENT_TOKEN (docker-compose.yml) that gates
the web UI (/, /api/*) behind a shared secret -- unset by default, so
existing trusted-LAN deployments are unaffected. The same token is
entered once during the ESP32's captive-portal setup and gets baked
into the manage-menu's QR code (?token=...), so scanning it just works;
visiting the page without a valid token shows a plain entry prompt
instead of the config UI, and a valid query-param hit sets a cookie so
the page's own fetch()/<img> calls stay authorized for the rest of the
visit. Device-facing /frame/* endpoints are unaffected -- a separate,
already-documented trust boundary.

firmware/main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 idf_component_register(SRCS main.c wifi_provisioning.c frame_client.c qr_onboarding.c status_screen.c epd_draw.c reset_button.c next_button.c manage_button.c manage_qr_overlay.c
                        PRIV_REQUIRES esp_event nvs_flash esp_wifi esp_netif esp_http_server esp_http_client dns_server epd7in3e qrcode epaper_fonts esp_driver_gpio
-                       EMBED_FILES root.html)
+                       EMBED_FILES root.html
+                       EMBED_TXTFILES certs/cloudflare_origin_ca.pem)