Fix HTTPS handshake: trust the actual cert the proxy presents, not Origin CA

The Tools Server hostname turned out to be Cloudflare-proxied, not a
direct connection to nginx -- so the ESP32 (and any browser) sees
Cloudflare's own edge certificate (issued by Google Trust Services),
never the Origin CA cert, which only ever sits on the Cloudflare-to-
origin leg. Confirmed on hardware: ESP_ERR_HTTP_CONNECT.

Tried switching to ESP-IDF's built-in public CA bundle instead
(esp_crt_bundle_attach) as the more general fix, but that also failed
on hardware ("No matching trusted root certificate found") -- the
bundle's copy of the relevant Google root has the same name and public
key as the live one but a different serial/signature (a reissue), and
the bundle does an exact byte-level match, not a semantic one.

Simplest reliable fix: embed the exact certificate the proxy actually
presents (extracted live via openssl s_client, see
firmware/main/certs/tools_server_ca.pem) and trust that directly via
cert_pem, sidestepping bundle-matching semantics entirely. Documented
in firmware/README.md how to re-extract if the proxy's CA ever changes.
This commit is contained in:
2026-07-19 12:09:08 -04:00
parent 62cf907d88
commit bb4f473bfa
5 changed files with 55 additions and 69 deletions
+2 -2
View File
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
idf_component_register(SRCS main.c wifi_provisioning.c frame_client.c qr_onboarding.c status_screen.c epd_draw.c reset_button.c next_button.c manage_button.c manage_qr_overlay.c
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_event nvs_flash esp_wifi esp_netif esp_http_server esp_http_client dns_server epd7in3e qrcode epaper_fonts esp_driver_gpio
PRIV_REQUIRES esp_event nvs_flash esp_wifi esp_netif esp_http_server esp_http_client mbedtls dns_server epd7in3e qrcode epaper_fonts esp_driver_gpio
EMBED_FILES root.html
EMBED_TXTFILES certs/cloudflare_origin_ca.pem)
EMBED_TXTFILES certs/tools_server_ca.pem)
@@ -1,40 +0,0 @@
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEADCCAuigAwIBAgIID+rOSdTGfGcwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQAwgYsxCzAJBgNV
BAYTAlVTMRkwFwYDVQQKExBDbG91ZEZsYXJlLCBJbmMuMTQwMgYDVQQLEytDbG91
ZEZsYXJlIE9yaWdpbiBTU0wgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUgQXV0aG9yaXR5MRYwFAYDVQQH
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MDgwMFoXDTI5MDgxNTE3MDAwMFowgYsxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRkwFwYDVQQKExBD
bG91ZEZsYXJlLCBJbmMuMTQwMgYDVQQLEytDbG91ZEZsYXJlIE9yaWdpbiBTU0wg
Q2VydGlmaWNhdGUgQXV0aG9yaXR5MRYwFAYDVQQHEw1TYW4gRnJhbmNpc2NvMRMw
EQYDVQQIEwpDYWxpZm9ybmlhMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKC
AQEAwEiVZ/UoQpHmFsHvk5isBxRehukP8DG9JhFev3WZtG76WoTthvLJFRKFCHXm
V6Z5/66Z4S09mgsUuFwvJzMnE6Ej6yIsYNCb9r9QORa8BdhrkNn6kdTly3mdnykb
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SmXI/cAe3jXj1FBLJZkwnoDKe0v13xeF+nF32smSH0qB7aJX2tBMW4TWtFPmzs5I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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+21
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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odI2D4SseesQ6bDrarZ7C30ddLibZatoKiws3UL9xnELz4ct92vID24FfVbiI1hY
+SW6FoVHkNeWIP0GCbaM4C6uVdF5dTUsMVs/ZbzNnIdCp5Gxmx5ejvEau8otR/Cs
kGN+hr/W5GvT1tMBjgWKZ1i4//emhA1JG1BbPzoLJQvyEotc03lXjTaCzv8mEbep
8RqZ7a2CPsgRbuvTPBwcOMBBmuFeU88+FSBX6+7iP0il8b4Z0QFqIwwMHfs/L6K1
vepuoxtGzi4CZ68zJpiq1UvSqTbFJjtbD4seiMHl
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
+16 -10
View File
@@ -25,12 +25,18 @@ static const char *TAG = "frame_client";
static EventGroupHandle_t s_sta_event_group;
/* Cloudflare's Origin CA root certs (RSA + ECC, both concatenated --
* mbedtls_x509_crt_parse() chains every cert in a PEM buffer into the
* trust store, so either one nginx presents validates), for trusting an
* https tools server whose reverse proxy terminates TLS with a
* Cloudflare-issued origin certificate. See firmware/main/certs/. */
extern const char cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start[] asm("_binary_cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start");
/* The exact CA certificate the tools server's reverse proxy presents,
* embedded verbatim (not sourced from ESP-IDF's built-in root bundle --
* that does an exact byte-level match against its compiled-in table,
* and a semantically-identical "same name, same public key" root
* re-issued under a different serial/signature, as Google did for GTS
* Root R4, doesn't match it; confirmed on hardware, see
* firmware/main/certs/tools_server_ca.pem for how this was extracted).
* If the proxy's CA ever changes, re-extract with:
* openssl s_client -connect <host>:443 -showcerts </dev/null
* and replace this file with whichever cert in the chain you want as
* the trust anchor (typically the root). */
extern const char tools_server_ca_pem_start[] asm("_binary_tools_server_ca_pem_start");
/* Builds a full URL from cfg->toolsserver + a path (no leading slash),
* appending cfg->access_token as ?token= if one's set. toolsserver is
@@ -237,7 +243,7 @@ static frame_server_config_t fetch_frame_config(const frame_config_t *cfg)
.url = url,
.method = HTTP_METHOD_GET,
.timeout_ms = CONFIG_FRAME_SERVER_CHECK_TIMEOUT_MS,
.cert_pem = cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start,
.cert_pem = tools_server_ca_pem_start,
};
esp_http_client_handle_t client = esp_http_client_init(&config);
@@ -298,7 +304,7 @@ static void fetch_photo_info(const frame_config_t *cfg, char *location_line1, si
.url = url,
.method = HTTP_METHOD_GET,
.timeout_ms = CONFIG_FRAME_SERVER_CHECK_TIMEOUT_MS,
.cert_pem = cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start,
.cert_pem = tools_server_ca_pem_start,
};
esp_http_client_handle_t client = esp_http_client_init(&config);
@@ -358,7 +364,7 @@ static int fetch_face_labels(const frame_config_t *cfg, manage_face_label_t *out
.url = url,
.method = HTTP_METHOD_GET,
.timeout_ms = CONFIG_FRAME_SERVER_CHECK_TIMEOUT_MS,
.cert_pem = cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start,
.cert_pem = tools_server_ca_pem_start,
};
esp_http_client_handle_t client = esp_http_client_init(&config);
@@ -498,7 +504,7 @@ static esp_err_t fetch_and_display(const frame_config_t *cfg, bool force_advance
.url = url,
.method = force_advance ? HTTP_METHOD_POST : HTTP_METHOD_GET,
.timeout_ms = CONFIG_FRAME_FETCH_TIMEOUT_MS,
.cert_pem = cloudflare_origin_ca_pem_start,
.cert_pem = tools_server_ca_pem_start,
};
esp_http_client_handle_t client = esp_http_client_init(&config);